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# System prepended metadata

title: 5G 101

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# 5G 101
## Telecommunication (1G - 5G) Generation Comparison
![](https://i.imgur.com/0jfqBWu.png)
> source: https://bit.ly/2Xs06FV

## WHAT TO KNOW ABOUT 5G?
### 1. Focus of 5G
* Speed/Throughput - increase in data speed Transmission
* Massive Connectivity - Not limited to personal use, but extended to much bigger scale, like IOT industries and businesses 
* High Reliability, Low Latency - network designed 

### 2. Vision of 4G
* Very fast data transmission 
* Smart Homes and City
* 3D video 4K screens
* Sensor Nework
* Self-Driving Car
* Augmented Reality
* Industrial and vehicular automation
* Massive Machine Type Communications

### 3. The ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union - Radiocommunication Sector )
* **ITU** - facilitate international connectivity in communications networks, we allocate global radio spectrum and satellite orbits, develop the technical standards that ensure networks and technologies seamlessly interconnect, and strive to improve access to ICTs to underserved communities worldwide. 
* **ITU-R** plays a vital role in the global management of the radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits - limited natural resources which are increasingly in demand from a large and growing number of services such as fixed, mobile, broadcasting, amateur, space research, emergency telecommunications, meteorology, global positioning systems, environmental monitoring and communication services - that ensure safety of life on land, at sea and in the skies.

### 4. 3GPP Plans and Visions
* 5G Release Timeline
    * Early’ drop: contains Non-standalone 5G specifications(so called Option-3 family), ASN.1 frozen in March 2018;
    * ‘Main’ drop: contains Standalone 5G (so called Option-2), ASN.1 frozen in September 2018;
    * ‘Late’ drop: contains additional migration architectures (so called Option-4, Option-7, and 5G-5G dual connectivity), ASN.1 to be frozen in June 2019.
    * Expected Release 16 from last quarter of 2019 to 3rd quarter of 2020
    * **Release 15**- eMBB (enhanced Mobile Broadband)
    * **Release 16** - URLLC (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication)

### 5. 5G Deployment Options and Migration Strategy
![](https://i.imgur.com/MKVQ9Xl.png)
* **Option 1:** SA LTE connected to EPC - Legacy; What we have today. LTE is RAN box.
* **Option 3:** EN-DC Overall Architecture; E-UTRAN (E-UTRA is a radio access network (RAN) which is referred to under the name EUTRAN standard meant to be a replacement of the UMTS and HSDPA/HSUPA). E-UTRAN supports MR-DC via E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectiviy (EN-DC), in which a UE is connect to one eNB that acts as Multi Radio(MR) and one en-gNB that acts as Secondary Node; No overloading of EPC with 5G signaling; Capable of creating 5G hotspots quickly; 
![](https://i.imgur.com/odSgGoZ.png)

### 5. 5G SYSTEM
* defined as 3GPP system consisting of 5G Access Network(AN), 5G Core Network and UE; provides data connectivity and services.3GPP TS 23.501 - System Architecture of 5G System

### 6. Core Network Architecture Evolution 
* Service Based- SBA; Supports Traffic Influence
* Virtualization and Slicing
* Sotfwarization/Cloudification
* Application Programming Interfaces
* Harmonized protocols-use HTTP instead of GTP-C 
* Exposure to 3rdParties
* Backward&Forward Compatibility

### 5G Terminologies
* NG - New Generation
* UE - User Equipment
* NF - Network Function
* SBI - Service Based Interface
* SBA - Service Based Architecture
* ng-eNB - Next generation eNodeB; node providing E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE, and connected via the NG interface to the 5G core
* gNB - Next generation NodeB; node providing NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE, and connected via the NG interface to the 5GC
* AF - Application Function
* AMF - Access and MObility Management Function
* AUSF - Authentication Server Function
* DN - Data Network
* FE - Front End
* NEF - Network Exposure Function
* NRF - NF Repoistory Function
* NSSF - Network Slice Selection Function
* PCF - Policy Control Function
* RAN - Radio Access Network
* SEPP - Security Edge Protection Proxy
* SMF - Session Management Function
* UDM - Unified Data Management
* UDR - Unified Data Repository
* USDF- Unstructured Data Storage Function
* UPF - User Plane Function
