# archlinux-2022.08.05 [TOC] ## sites + [Official Installation Guide](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide_(正體中文)) --- ## Disk Partition ### Disk Partition Table | No. | Size | Code (Type) | Flags | | --- | ---- | -------------------------- | --------- | | 1 | 1M | ef02(bios boot partition) | bios_grub | | 2 | 512M | ef00(EFI system partition) | boot | | 3 | 10G | 8200(linux swap) | swap | | 4 | -1M | 8300(linux file system) | root | ### Format Partition ```shell $ mkfs.vfat -F32 -n EFI /dev/sda1 <- EFI partition (fat32) $ mkswap -L swap /dev/sda3 <- swap $ mkfs.ext4 -L root /dev/sda4 <- root (ext4) ``` ### Mount Disk ```shell $ mount /dev/sda4 /mnt $ mkdir /mnt/boot $ mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/boot $ swapon /dev/sda3 ``` --- ## Install System ### Internet Connection ```shell $ iwctl [iwd]# device list [iwd]# station <device> get-networks [iwd]# station <device> connect SSID or -> [iwd]# station <device> connect-hidden SSID [iwd]# station <device> show ``` ### Add 交大 arch mirrorlist ```shell $ vim /etc/pacman.conf ``` ```clike [core] Server = http://archlinux.cs.nctu.edu.tw/$repo/os/$arch Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist [extra] Server = http://archlinux.cs.nctu.edu.tw/$repo/os/$arch Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist [community] Server = http://archlinux.cs.nctu.edu.tw/$repo/os/$arch Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist ``` ### Install ```shell $ pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux-lts linux-firmware efibootmgr intel-ucode ``` --- ## chroot to the new system ### gen fstab ```shell $ genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab ``` ### chroot ```shell $ arch-chroot /mnt ``` --- ## new system settings ### Add 交大 arch mirrorlist ```shell $ vim /etc/pacman.conf ``` ```clike [core] Server = http://archlinux.cs.nctu.edu.tw/$repo/os/$arch Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist [extra] Server = http://archlinux.cs.nctu.edu.tw/$repo/os/$arch Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist [community] Server = http://archlinux.cs.nctu.edu.tw/$repo/os/$arch Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist ``` ### Install some packages ```shell $ pacman -S vim pkgfile bash-completion sudo ``` ### set timezone ```shell $ ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Taipei /etc/localtime hwclock --systohc ``` ### locale uncomment `en_US.UTF-8` `zh_TW.UTF-8` `zh_TW.BIG5` in `/etc/locale.gen` ```shell $ echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 >> /etc/locale.locale.conf $ locale-gen ``` ### hostname ```shell $ echo <myhostname> >> /etc/hostname $ vim /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost.localdomain localhost 127.0.1.1 <myhostname>.localdomain <myhostname> ``` ### set password ```shell $ passwd ``` ### configure mkinitcpio ```shell $ vim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf ``` + Add 'ext4' to MODULES + Add 'resume' to HOOKS after 'udev' ### generate initrd image ```shell $ mkinitcpio -p linux-lts ``` ### set bootloader ```shell $ pacman -S grub-bios os-prober efibootmgr $ grub-install --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=grub $ grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg ``` ### net tools #### install ```shell $ pacman -S net-tools dhclient dhcp dhcpcd wpa_supplicant wireless-tools iw iwd dialog networkmanager network-manager-applet ``` #### run service ```shell $ systemctl enable NetworkManager.service $ systemctl enable wpa_supplicant.service $ systemctl enable dhcpcd.service ``` ### exit & reboot ```shell $ exit $ umount -R /mnt $ swapoff -a $ reboot ``` --- ## Post Installation Login as `root` with the root password from above. ### configure network ```shell $ iwctl [iwd]# device list [iwd]# station <device> get-networks [iwd]# station <device> connect SSID or -> [iwd]# station <device> connect-hidden SSID [iwd]# station <device> show ``` #### Add DNS server ```shell $ vim /etc/resolv.conf ``` 添加以下至少 1 種 DNS + nameserver 168.95.192.1 #中華電信 + nameserver 168.95.1.1 #中華電信 + nameserver 8.8.8.8 #Google + nameserver 8.8.4.4 #Google ### Add User ```shell $ vim /etc/sudoers ``` uncomment the `%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL` ```shell $ groupadd <myusername> $ useradd -m -g <myusername> -G wheel,storage,power,network,uucp -s /bin/bash <myusername> $ passwd <myusername> ``` ### Enable Multilib allow users to run 32-bit application on 64-bit installation of Arch Linux uncomment the `[multilib]` section in `/etc/pacman.conf` ```clike [multilib] Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist ``` ### Desktop environment #### Wayland ```shell $ pacman -S weston xorg-server-xwayland ``` #### Display manager Use GNOME display manager ```shell $ pacman -S gdm $ systemctl enable gdm.service ``` #### Install GNOME DE ```shell $ pacman -S gnome gnome-extra ``` ### reboot ```shell $ reboot ``` --- ## Others ### fonts #### 中文字體 ```shell $ sudo pacman -S noto-fonts-cjk ``` #### meslo ```shell $ sudo yay -S nerd-fonts-meslo ttf-meslo-nerd-font-powerlevel10k ``` ### gnome tweaks ```shell $ sudo pacman -S gnome-tweaks ``` ### fcitx5 #### Installation ```shell $ sudo pacman -S fcitx5-im fcitx5-chewing fcitx5-mozc fcitx5-lua ``` #### IM Add the following to `/etc/environment` ```clike GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx SDL_IM_MODULE=fcitx GLFW_IM_MODULE=ibus ``` > GLFW_IM_MOCULE 只能用 ibus ### AUR #### yay ```shell $ cd ~/.local/src $ git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git $ cd yay $ makepkg -si ``` ### aurman ```shell $ cd ~/.local/src $ git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/aurman.git $ cd aurman $ makepkg -si ``` #### aur package error if encounter ```shell AUR package fails to verify PGP/GPG key: "unknown public key", One or more PGP signatures could neo be verified! ``` ##### Solution if get ```shell ... ... FAILED (unkown public key <key-id>) ``` then ```shell $ gpg --recv-key <key-id> ```