# AP2042 Course Materials > ##### Course Name: > ##### Course Number: AP2042 > ##### Lecturer: > ##### Semester: 2022-Fall ## Week01 ### Course will discuss about: air → water - air - stratosphere → ozone hole - troposphere → air pollution → health - water - ocean: salinity → density, weight - fresh water → pH 理論探討過程中了解環境變化 → we need data!!! data ↔ theory (through programming) ## Week02 ### $CO_{2}$ grail → prevent devastatator We will plot the figure with coding in this semester. snow melting then bubble rising → snow turn into ice, then we can distinguish the year. → we can know the concentration of CO2 air be intefered by ocean water. Atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, Cryosphere, Biosphere SDGs ### Build graphical environment by 1chooo ``` vim $ conda create --name atmEnv python=3.9.7 $ conda activate atmEnv $ conda install -c conda-forge cartopy $ conda install -c conda-forge netcdf4 $ conda install pandas $ conda install -c anaconda xarray ``` ## Week03 ### Main Topic: $CFCl_{3}$ #### Battery Bsttery is the most we care about now!!! → how to storage is difficult present. city, urban/regional, global scales → modeling, data assimilation ALE/GAGE/AGAGE, NASA(1994) (1987 Montreal protocal) 濃度隨時間改變上升，雖然氟氯碳化物排放多在北半球，但因為惰性，所以全球皆會受影響（空氣流動），梯度相同且一致。（不受物理方式（雲水、沉降）消失或者化學時間推進減少），排放過程持續進行。 global change → ozone → (butterfly) [Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment](https://agage.mit.edu/biblio/alegageagage-network) [The ALE/GAGE/AGAGE Network (DB1001)](https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ndps/alegage.html) $CH_{3}CCl_{3} + OH$ $CFCl_{3} + OH -> X$ Natural process -> balance(emit and absorb) radiosonde, ozonesonde * ppmv: part per million $10^{-6}$ -> concentration represent higher * ppbv: part per billion $10^{-9}$ * pptv: part per trillion $10^{-12}$ CMDL/NOAA to graph the ozone changing [extend](https://cyber.dabamos.de/programming/modernfortran/gnuplot.html) ## Week04 Robot - Tesla (Boston Dynamic) Why the temperature in Antarctica so low 平流層 2-D Synoptic scale v ~ 10m/s, w ~1 cm/s Convection W 3 ~ 5 m/s we have theory -> we have to count ## Week05 ## Week06 ``` vim ``` ## Week07 環保署資料 ### PAHs - Polycyclie Aromatic Hydrocarbons released into ecosystem from atmospheric emissions medical enviroment 戴奧辛致癌 if we use the data wisely, we can earn a lot of money. ## Week08 mid-term ## Week09 $CO_2$ lifetime long The substance can't be discarded. 冬天結束我們可以觀測海冰跟雪的指標 IPCC evaluate report $2.4 W/m^2$ bring us the huge changed. get data is important to us. 有擾動過程，臭氧濃度上升 **PGGM** 中華航空 IAGOS * [Install Ncar](https://www.ncl.ucar.edu/Download/macosx.shtml#InstallXQuartz) * [data](https://iagos.aeris-data.fr/) * [Python plot the map](https://www.zhihu.com/question/33783546) ![Ozone](../src/imgs/class_notes/week09.png) ## Week10 壓力原理、浮力原理、理想氣體方程，地球參數 伴隨很多工程發展 空氣中 0 度一大氣壓 $2.7 * 10^{19}$ 透過理想氣體方程 生產過程中有廢氣，有很多化學物質 $CO_2$ 將化學運用，讓方程式有意義 光化學，一階的反應，可以推倒大氣在時間，還有二階、三階。 ## Week11 Last we week, we talk about Photochemistry reactions, we need the professional skillls with predictions and analysis. -> data(Fortran, Python) Data bring results; **process?** #### Mathematics First order: $A \rightarrow B + C$ $\frac{d[A]}{d[t]} = -R[A]$ $\hookrightarrow {\frac{\partial [A]}{\partial t}} + \vee \nabla[A] = -R[A]$ $\frac{d[B]}{d[t]} = R[A]$ $\frac{d[C]}{d[t]} = R[A]$ #### Chapman Reactions only four reactions 說明基數氧的形成 對流層內閃電會形成高溫的分解 $NO + O_3 \rightarrow NO_2 + O_2$ 逆反應 光化分解產生臭氧 $O + NO_2 \rightarrow NO + O_2$ 對流層頂溫度太低了 早在過往衛星便發現臭氧洞的問題