---
tags: Python系統設計
---

# 图像识别

import subprocess
import sys

required_packages = ['opencv-python', 'numpy', 'pyautogui', 'keyboard']

for package in required_packages:
    try:
        __import__(package if package != 'opencv-python' else 'cv2')
    except ImportError:
        print(f"📦 缺少套件 {package}，正在安装...")
        subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", package])

import cv2
import numpy as np
import pyautogui
import time
import tkinter as tk
import threading
import keyboard
import traceback  # ✅ 新增：显示错误细节
import ctypes
import sys

try:
    pyautogui.FAILSAFE = False
    # === 读取模板 ===
    template = cv2.imread('Boss.bmp', cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
    if template is None:
        raise FileNotFoundError("❌ 模板图像 'Boss.bmp' 无法读取，请检查路径或格式")
    template_gray = cv2.cvtColor(template, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    template_h, template_w = template_gray.shape[:2]
    scales = np.linspace(0.5, 1.5, 20)

    # === Tkinter 浮动蓝框 ===
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.attributes('-topmost', True)
    root.overrideredirect(True)
    root.attributes('-alpha', 0.4)
    
    if sys.platform == "win32":
        hwnd = ctypes.windll.user32.GetParent(root.winfo_id())
        styles = ctypes.windll.user32.GetWindowLongW(hwnd, -20)
        styles |= 0x80000 | 0x20  # WS_EX_LAYERED | WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
        ctypes.windll.user32.SetWindowLongW(hwnd, -20, styles)
    
    canvas = tk.Canvas(root, bg='white', highlightthickness=0)
    canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
    root.geometry("0x0+0+0")

    def move_window(x, y, w, h):
        root.geometry(f"{w}x{h}+{x}+{y}")
        canvas.delete("all")
        canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, w, h, outline="blue", width=4)

    def hide_window():
        root.geometry("0x0+0+0")
        canvas.delete("all")

    # === 检测函数 ===
    def find_and_show():
        while not keyboard.is_pressed('esc'):
            screenshot = pyautogui.screenshot()
            img_rgb = np.array(screenshot)
            img_bgr = cv2.cvtColor(img_rgb, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
            img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(img_bgr, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

            best_val = -1
            best_loc = None
            best_scale = 1.0

            for scale in scales:
                resized = cv2.resize(template_gray, (int(template_w * scale), int(template_h * scale)))
                if resized.shape[0] > img_gray.shape[0] or resized.shape[1] > img_gray.shape[1]:
                    continue
                res = cv2.matchTemplate(img_gray, resized, cv2.TM_CCOEFF_NORMED)
                _, max_val, _, max_loc = cv2.minMaxLoc(res)
                if max_val > best_val:
                    best_val = max_val
                    best_loc = max_loc
                    best_scale = scale

            if best_val > 0.90:
                w, h = int(template_w * best_scale), int(template_h * best_scale)
                x, y = best_loc
                center_x = x + w // 2
                center_y = y + h // 2
                
                # 将框放大 3 倍
                w_large, h_large = int(w * 2), int(h * 2)
                x_large = center_x - w_large // 2
                y_large = center_y - h_large // 2

                # 用 pyautogui 画一个框（可视化辅助）
                # pyautogui.moveTo(x, y)
                # pyautogui.dragRel(w, 0, duration=0.1)
                # pyautogui.dragRel(0, h, duration=0.1)
                # pyautogui.dragRel(-w, 0, duration=0.1)
                # pyautogui.dragRel(0, -h, duration=0.1)
                
                # hide_window()  # 先隐藏蓝框（避免遮挡游戏）
                pyautogui.moveTo(center_x, center_y, duration=0.2)
                pyautogui.click()
                # move_window(x, y, w, h)  # 点击后再显示蓝框
                # move_window(x_large, y_large, w_large, h_large)  # ✅ 改成放大版
                
                print(f"✅ 找到目标于 ({center_x}, {center_y}) 相似度: {best_val:.2f}")
            else:
                # hide_window()
                print("🔍 没有找到目标...")

            time.sleep(1)

        print("🛑 检测到 Esc，结束程序")
        root.destroy()

    # === 启动检测线程 ===
    threading.Thread(target=find_and_show, daemon=True).start()
    
    def on_esc_press():
        print("🛑 检测到 Esc，准备退出程式")
        root.quit()
        root.destroy()

    keyboard.add_hotkey('esc', on_esc_press)
    root.mainloop()

except Exception as e:
    print("❗ 程序发生异常：", str(e))
    traceback.print_exc()
    input("\n⚠️ 按 Enter 退出（查看上方错误讯息）...")