# Gasper resources
As the title suggests, what follows are various resources I found useful in researching Ethereum's consensus design. I hope that this aggregation of information saves you time.

A great starter is [Appreciating GASPER ](https://twitter.com/sreeramkannan/status/1530474715990478848?s=20&t=bzUSSHdit9eMJDqarhsV1w)by [Sreeram Kannan](https://twitter.com/sreeramkannan)

## Research

* [ETH2 Book](https://eth2book.info/altair/contents)
* [LMD-GHOST](https://github.com/protolambda/lmd-ghost)
* [Ethereum Reorgs After The Merge (Vitalik + Georgios)](https://www.paradigm.xyz/2021/07/ethereum-reorgs-after-the-merge)
* [Proposer Boost](https://ethresear.ch/t/change-fork-choice-rule-to-mitigate-balancing-and-reorging-attacks/11127)
* [Path towards single slot finality (Vitalik 2022)](https://notes.ethereum.org/@vbuterin/single_slot_finality)
* [View Merge](https://ethresear.ch/t/view-merge-as-a-replacement-for-proposer-boost/13739)
* [Goldfish: A Provably Secure Replacement for LMD GHOST in PoS Ethereum](https://www.paradigm.xyz/2022/09/goldfish)
* [Beacon Chain 7 Block Reorg](https://barnabe.substack.com/p/pos-ethereum-reorg)
* [Proposal for Mitigation Against Balancing Attacks](https://notes.ethereum.org/@vbuterin/lmd_ghost_mitigation)
* [Casper FFG with Backoff](https://notes.ethereum.org/@vbuterin/casper_ffg_with_backoff)
## Papers
* [Combining Ghost and Casper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.03052.pdf)
* [Capser FFG Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.09437)
* [Minimal CBC Casper](https://github.com/cbc-casper/cbc-casper-paper/blob/master/cbc-casper-paper-draft.pdf)
* [No More Attacks in POS Ethereum Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.03255)

## Specifications
* [Ethereum Consensus ](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs)
* [Proposer Boost ](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/pull/2730)

## Podcasts & Videos
* [The Why and How of PoS Ethereum's Consensus Problem](https://youtu.be/2nMS-TK_tMw)
* [Whiteboard series with Near: Justin Drake](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S262StTwkmo&t=813s)
* [Casper FFG (Karl Flourish 2018)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQ3IqLDf-oo)
* [Quick Explainer (Danny Ryan 2020)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P84r0PGGfIg)
* [Information Theory & Blockchain | Zk Podcast](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yPe8rqux5js)
* [Security models & Ethereum PoS | Logan Jastremski Podcast ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DikrWN39Hts)

## Visuals

#### **Nested Ledger** (h/t [Joachim Neu](https://youtu.be/2nMS-TK_tMw))


#### **Epochs - Justified & Finalized Checkpoints** (h/t [Justin Drake](https://youtu.be/S262StTwkmo?t=813))


#### **Fork Choice Rule & Finality Gadget** (h/t [Buterin & Griffith](https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.09437))


###### **proposer LMD score boosting not shown*