# Python 基礎語法

:::success
### Content

[TOC]

:::

### 資料結構

#### int
- 整數
- e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1000, 99999 ...etc
#### string
- 字串
- 以`''`或`""`括起來
- e.g. 'Hello World', 'cool', '1' ...etc
#### float
- 浮點數
- e.g. 3.1415926, 1.41421 ...etc
#### list
- 列表(類似array)
- 可儲存不同資料型態
- e.g.

    a=[1,'b',3]
    b=[1,2,3]
    c=['a','b','c']

#### dictionary
- 字典(類似map、json格式)
- 可做對照功能
- e.g.

    a={
        1:'dog',
        2:'cat'
    }

### 變數

- 類似C++ auto, JavaScript 變數
- 可依照資料形式進行改變
- 命名可自定義

### loop
#### for-in loop
- format:

    # sequence with int:
    sequence=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
    for x in sequence:
        print(x)
    """
    result:
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    """
    #sequence with string:
    sequence=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g']
    for x in sequence:
        print(x)
    """
    result:
    a
    b
    c
    d
    e
    f
    g
    """
    #sequence with 0 to 10 , tol:2
    for x in range(0,10,2):
        print(x)
    """
    result:
    0
    2
    4
    6
    8
    """

#### while loop
- format:

    while True:
        print('Condition is established !')
    while False:
        print('Condition err0r.')

#### 輔助工具(break/continue)
- 執行 [while loop的範例程式](https://hackmd.io/xkvHaIAqToKvU0Dizb-5xw?both#while-loop) 時，會發現程式一直輸出`Condition is established !`，因此我們需要一些"終結者"(杜芬舒斯博士粉)來終結這個東西，於是就到輔助工具出廠的時候了!
- format:

    while True:
        print('Condition is established !')
        break
    """
    result:
    Condition is established !
    """
    for x in range(0,10):
        if x == 5:
            continue
        print(x)
    """
    result:
    0
    1
    2
    3
    4
    6
    7
    8
    9
    """