## 6. Open Source Education

> Translator: Mingkang (Bright) Li, Reviewer: Mingkang (Bright) Li

### 6.1 Open Source Educational Practices

In 2024, several significant and influential open-source educational practices took place nationwide:

- **Open Source Promotion Plan (OSPP)**
Open Source Promotion Plan is a summer program organized by the Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences and long-term supported by the Open Source Software Supply Chain Promotion Plan. It aims to encourage college students to actively participate in the maintenance and development of open source software, promote the vigorous development of open source software communities, and build the open source software supply chain together.
The 2024 OSPP concluded on November 9th, with a total of 168 open-source communities participating. These communities released 561 project tasks, attracting over 2,500 students from nearly 500 universities to sign up. Among them, 518 students were selected for participation. After three months of project development and one month of code integration, ultimately, 455 students successfully passed evaluations by mentors, communities, and the organizing committee and completed their projects

- **GitLink "Indeed Open Source" Programming Summer Camp (GLCC)**
The GitLink Programming Summer Camp (GLCC) is a summer coding initiative organized by the CCF Open Source Development Committee (CCF ODC) under the guidance of the China Computer Federation (CCF), targeting university students nationwide.
The third edition of GLCC concluded all projects on October 31. Official data reveals that this year's camp involved 31 participating communities proposing challenges, with 46 students successfully passing the final evaluation. Among them, 18 were rated S-level, 20 A-level, 6 B-level, and 2 C-level.

- **"One Chip Per Lifetime" Project**
Launched in August 2019 by the School of Computer Science and Technology at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) in collaboration with the research engineering team from the Institute of Computing Technology (ICT) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the "One Chip Per Lifetime" initiative integrates theoretical coursework, experimental training, and practical projects to form a cohesive pipeline for open-source processor chip design and tape-out (manufacturing) education.
As of December 2024, the program has engaged over 10,000 participants from more than 800 universities worldwide. Official records show 1,163 formal trainees and 90 tape-out participants. Since the 2024 cohort (starting in July 2024), enrollment has surged, with 2,581 new registrants within half a year—a figure expected to grow rapidly.

- **Open-Source Operating System Training Camp**
The Open-Source Operating System Training Camp (referred to as "the Camp") was initiated in 2020 by Professors Chen Yu and Xiang Yong from Tsinghua University. It aims to cultivate operating system development skills among university students nationwide through hands-on practice in writing operating systems using the Rust programming language. To date, the Camp has successfully run for four years, training over 4,000 college students and engineers to become outstanding professionals in the field of operating systems.
In 2024, the Camp offered two sessions:
The Spring-Summer Session , launched on April 7, attracted 2,123 student and engineer participants from across the country.
The Autumn-Winter Session , starting on September 29, drew 3,320 registrants.
As of now, the Camp has been successfully held for five years across eight editions, with over 8,000 total participants. Many high-performing trainees have emerged as exceptional talents in the operating system domain.

- **The Second OpenAtom Competition**
In September 2024, the Second OpenAtom Competition was officially launched under the theme "Software Defines the World, Open Source Builds the Future" . The competition featured 50 challenge categories with a total prize pool of 15 million RMB, covering fields such as foundational software, industrial software, artificial intelligence, and large-scale models. It included formats like peak challenge contests, practical skill competitions, and training-oriented events, focusing on solving real-world technical challenges, promoting open-source technologies, and identifying top talent.
The inaugural OpenAtom Competition in 2023 saw participation from 43,400 contestants across universities, research institutions, and enterprises, with 13.384 million RMB in awarded prizes. It resolved 191 technical challenges in foundational and industrial software, generated 573 technical achievements, and facilitated 31 intent-to-land agreements between winning teams and regional entities. On December 20, 2024, the award ceremony for the first batch of challenges in the Second OpenAtom Competition recognized 13 first-prize teams across eight categories.

- **The 7th CCF Open Source Innovation Competition**
Organized by the China Computer Federation (CCF) under the guidance of the Department of Information Science at the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the 7th CCF Open Source Innovation Competition is co-hosted by Changsha University of Science and Technology and the CCF Open Source Development Committee. Aligned with China's "14th Five-Year Plan" strategy for open-source ecosystem development, the competition focuses on critical "bottleneck" software domains and cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, chip design, and IoT. It aims to provide a platform for domestic open-source communities to showcase, collaborate, and innovate, fostering practical talent and driving high-quality growth in the open-source ecosystem.
The competition attracted over 13,000 registrants, with 105 teams advancing to the finals through online and offline preliminary rounds. It has effectively promoted innovation and application of open-source technologies, strengthened the integration of open-source culture and education, and contributed to building a more open, secure, and prosperous open-source ecosystem. This initiative has also injected momentum into China's national science and technology innovation system and high-quality digital economic development.

- **The First China Graduate Operating System Open Source Innovation Competition**
The "Songshan Lake Cup" First China Graduate Operating System Open Source Innovation Competition , part of the China Graduate Innovation Practice Competition series, is guided by the Department of Degree Management and Graduate Education of the Ministry of Education and organized by the Chinese Society of Graduate Education and the China Association for Science and Technology's Youth Science and Technology Center. This national, public-interest competition targets graduate students and senior undergraduates, emphasizing strategic national needs and foundational software ecosystem development. It focuses on core operating system technologies and ecosystem construction to stimulate innovation and enhance practical capabilities among participants.
Hosted by the National University of Defense Technology, the inaugural competition attracted 277 teams from 107 universities nationwide. After months of intense competition, 84 teams (approximately 300 participants) advanced to the finals in Changsha, showcasing their innovations in this landmark event.

- **Chance Foundation Open Source Innovation Practice Graduation Design Program**
The Tiangong Kaiwu Open Source Innovation Practice Graduation Design Program (abbreviated as "Open Source Graduation Project") is an open-source technical initiative launched by the Tiangong Kaiwu Open Source Foundation and supported by multiple stakeholders, including open-source foundations, enterprises, communities, and university faculty. This innovative model integrates open-source culture with higher education practices, aiming to provide college students with a platform to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world projects, cultivate innovative thinking, and enhance teamwork skills. By engaging with authentic open-source projects, the program encourages young talents to contribute to the open-source ecosystem. To date, the initiative has launched over 100 open-source project topics on its dedicated platform.

- **National College Student Computer System Capability Competition**
The National College Student Computer System Capability Competition (hereinafter referred to as "the Competition") is a nationwide event initiated by the Expert Group on System Capability Development Research and co-organized by the National Association of Computer Education in Universities and leading institutions involved in system capability development projects. The Competition aims to reform professional education and cultivate innovative talent in computer science by promoting disciplinary contests, focusing on nurturing后备人才 (future talent) for China's high-end chip and critical foundational software sectors.
- **PolarDB Database Innovation Design Contest (Tianchi Cup)**: Targeting undergraduate and vocational students from universities nationwide, this contest aims to cultivate expertise in database system design, analysis, optimization, and application. The 2024 edition attracted 934 teams (1,296 participants) from 208 institutions, including Wuhan University, Renmin University, Zhejiang University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Nankai University, East China Normal University, and Shandong University.
- **The 4th OceanBase Database Competition**: Co-organized by Beijing Jiaotong University's School of Computer Science and Technology and OceanBase, this competition emphasizes "competition, exchange, and growth" to help students systematize database theory knowledge and enhance practical skills. The 2024 contest drew over 2,600 participants from nearly 200 top universities, including Peking University, Tsinghua University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Fudan University, Renmin University, Nanjing University, Northeastern University, Wuhan University, and Southern University of Science and Technology.

### 6.2 Open-Source Education Takes Root on Campus

- **OpenAtom OpenSource Way To School**
The OpenAtom OpenSource Way To School is a long-term non-profit initiative launched by the OpenAtom Foundation. It aims to cultivate open-source talent through:
- Promoting open-source curricula
- Guiding hands-on projects
- Building instructor networks
- Organizing events (e.g., lectures, competitions, and international exchanges)
- Supporting student communities
- Establishing training and certification systems
By aggregating resources from industries, enterprises, universities, and students, the initiative accelerates the development of China's open-source ecosystem.
Since 2023, the program has organized nearly 20 large-scale offline events at institutions such as Beihang University, Harbin Institute of Technology, and Northwestern Polytechnical University. It has also conducted over 400 Meetup sessions across 100+ universities nationwide, engaging 20,000+ student participants.

- **CCF Open Source Campus Tour**
The CCF Open Source Campus Tour , organized by the Education Group of the CCF Open Source Development Committee (CCF ODC), aims to strengthen open-source culture promotion and talent cultivation in universities. The initiative includes various formats such as open-source classrooms, project showcases, and forums, serving as one of the committee’s annual flagship campus outreach programs.
In 2024, the program hosted its 12th edition (cumulative 30th edition) , bringing enterprise and community open-source experts to institutions including Peking University, Southwest University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Northeastern University, Fudan University, South China Normal University, Guilin University of Technology, Changsha University of Science and Technology, and Hunan University of Finance and Economics.

- **Chance Foundation Open Source Education Campus Tour**
The Chance Foundation Open Source Education Campus Tour , launched by the Chance Foundation, aims to advance China’s software and information service industry clusters and accelerate open-source ecosystem construction . Through on-site training workshops and interactive exchanges , participants explore innovative achievements in open-source disciplines and study diverse institutional approaches to open-source development. The initiative drives collaborative efforts to build and apply foundational open-source education platforms , fostering a robust ecosystem for open-source growth.

- **DataWhale AI+X University Tour**
The "X" symbolizes infinite possibilities and embodies the aspirations of the "AI+X University Tour" series. As a pioneer in China’s AI open-source learning organizations, DataWhale aims to provide young students with a "key to unlock the future" amid the surging AI revolution. Since March 2024, the tour has reached 36 top universities , including Tsinghua University (Shenzhen), Zhejiang University, Nanjing University, and Soochow University, engaging over 5,000 students and faculty through the DataWhale community to experience the transformative power of AI tools in the new era.

- **OSPP Campus Tour**
To deepen student engagement with open-source projects, the Open Source Promotion Plan (OSPP) initiative launched the "OSPP Campus Tour". This series aims to inspire next-generation developers by fostering understanding of globally recognized open-source technologies, projects, and communities, thereby promoting open-source cultural adoption in higher education. In 2024, the tour conducted outreach at South China University of Technology, Soochow University, Nanjing University, Jilin University, and Fudan University for open-source project promotions.

- **Hongshan Open Source Campus Tour**
The Hongshan Open Source Community launched the "Hongshan Open Source Campus Tour" initiative, targeting key universities and strategic disciplines to enhance community visibility and attract innovative resources for participation in open-source innovation ecosystem development

### 6.3 Open Source Educational Theory Research

- **Higher Education Reform and Open-Source Education System Construction**
- Peng Ding and Jiang Ying in "The Construction of Open-Loop and Open-Source Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education System in Vocational Undergraduate Programs"propose an open-source innovation and entrepreneurship education system centered on resource integration, cross-disciplinary knowledge, and practical validation , enhancing the贯穿力 (cohesive force) of vocational undergraduate talent cultivation.
- Huang Qichun in "Practices in Cultivating Innovation Capabilities for Software Engineering Graduate Students Based on Special Projects and Open-Source Talent Development"explores diverse evaluation methods (e.g., open-source contributions, major engineering projects) to improve graduate innovation capabilities, establishing an industry-academia-research integrated training model .
- Hu Ping, Wang Jun, et al. in "Exploration of Software Talent Cultivation Models Under Engineering Education Accreditation: A Case Study of Anhui Polytechnic University" integrate open-source culture into curriculum development to enhance students' engineering practice capabilities and innovative awareness .

- **Primary and Secondary School Maker Education and Digital Literacy Cultivation**
- He Wei and Sun Kai in "Practical Exploration of Maker Education for Enhancing Primary Students' Digital Literacy" develop a case framework integrating digital literacy and maker education through tools like graphical programming and open-source hardware .
- Yu Haijun in "On the Integration of Maker Education and Disciplinary Courses in Primary and Secondary Schools"explores pathways for merging maker education with subject curricula based on Gansu Province practices, aiming to strengthen cross-disciplinary problem-solving skills .
- Tian Haoxuan and Xu Xiaojun in "Shanghai Practices and Research on Digital Literacy Cultivation for Primary and Secondary Students via Open-Source Hardware" analyze how open-source hardware bridges the digital divide and enhances students' digital competitiveness under new curriculum standards.

- **Open Source Technology-Driven Teaching Model Innovation**
- Li Heng, Xu Jin, et al. propose the "sharing, openness, collaboration" trilogy teaching model in Exploration and Practice of Electronic Cognitive Internship Reform in Innovation 2.0-Oriented Open Source Innovative Education, constructing a new ecosystem for practical teaching.
- Tang Haibing, Liao Lingzhi, et al. reconstruct research-based teaching processes through open-source projects in Using Open Source Projects for Research-Oriented Teaching to Cultivate Students' Innovative Abilities, enhancing students' problem analysis and resolution skills.
- Zhang Xuning, Zhang Junming, et al. integrate online platforms with open-source projects in Research on Blended Teaching Models for Web Design and Production Courses Based on Open Source Projects, strengthening students' autonomous learning and teamwork capabilities.

* **Open Source Software Strategy and Policy Research**
* Long Yuntao, Wang Zhe, et al. in *"International Experience and Reflections on Promoting Open Source and Open Access of National Funded Research Project Outcomes"* summarize international policy experiences in open source and open access, and propose optimization suggestions for China's open source mechanisms for scientific and technological achievements.
* Zhang Taolue, Liu Ye in *"Innovation and Security in Openness: A Review of the EU's Open Source Software Strategy"* analyze the EU's open source strategy regarding ecosystem development and security challenges, offering references for China's open source policies.
* Sheng Xiaoping, Chen Yifan, et al. in *"UNESCO's Open Science Policy and Its Implications"* distill the UNESCO open science policy framework and recommend strengthening infrastructure and standardization in China.

- **Open Source Tools and Platform Construction Practices**
- Yu Zhuorui, Sun Yiheng, et al. in "Research on Spatial Analysis Teaching Reform Based on Open-Source R Language Modeling" enhance the effectiveness of geographic information courses by opening model parameters and algorithms through R language.
- Zeng Xiangjin, Wu Dongyu, et al. in "Innovative Teaching Models: Exploring MicroPython-Based AI Experiment Kits in Education" optimize AI education scenarios using MicroPython's hardware integration capabilities.
- Lu Huadeng, Li Tingyu, et al. in "Construction and Application of an Online Open Software Project Practice Platform" build a vocational software development competency framework with open-source principles to quantify student project capabilities.

* **Research on Open Source Ecosystems and Governance Systems**
* Li Ye, Zhou Na, et al. in *"From Bureaucratic Closure to Open Source: Governance Choices for Universities in the Digital Intelligence Era"* propose that university governance should transition toward open-source models to build data-driven collaborative systems integrating industry, academia, and research.
* Wang Jie, Huang Wenrui, et al. in *"OpenRank Contribution Evaluation Method and Its Empirical Study in Open Source Courses"* design a contribution evaluation algorithm based on developer collaboration networks to improve the teaching assessment system for open source projects.
* Xu Xiaojun, Tian Haoxuan in *"Application and Analysis of Open Source Hardware in Shanghai Primary and Secondary Schools"* investigate bottlenecks in open-source hardware education and propose recommendations for equipment management and curriculum optimization.

### 6.4 Evaluation Mechanisms for Open-Source Education

With the continuous maturation of China's open source ecosystem, the demand for open source talent will steadily grow. Therefore, accelerating the establishment of an industry-demand-oriented talent cultivation and evaluation system centered on capability and contribution holds significant strategic importance. Minister of Industry and Information Technology Jin Zhuanglong emphasizes: **"Optimizing the open source development environment** is critical. We must prioritize talent and international cooperation as core drivers of open source growth, cultivate fertile ground for development, and enhance the quality and efficiency of open source initiatives. To **foster a favorable development atmosphere**, stakeholders must collaboratively build an open source culture with Chinese characteristics, promote awareness through multi-dimensional outreach, amplify open source advocacy, and create a society that understands and actively engages with open source principles. To **cultivate high-caliber talent**, efforts should focus on establishing contribution-based evaluation systems that integrate open source achievements into career advancement metrics for employees and academic recognition for students. This ensures talent development progresses from academic institutions to community engagement and ultimately benefits society. Minister Jin highlights the need for leading enterprises and universities to pilot innovative evaluation frameworks, aligning with national strategies to reinforce the open source ecosystem."

- The OpenAtom Foundation, in collaboration with ministry-affiliated universities, specialized model software colleges, and representative institutions, has launched a **"contribution-oriented talent evaluation mechanism for open source"** and established pilot working groups to advance implementation.
- The Talent Exchange Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) released the **"Open Source Talent Competency Requirements and Evaluation Standards". This standard is closely aligned with the practical needs of open-source ecosystem development, focusing on four core domains—development, compliance, operations, and strategy—and elaborates on specific job competency requirements**, training pathways, and evaluation criteria. The release of this standard will further guide stakeholders to prioritize the construction of an open-source talent system oriented by industry demand and centered on capability contributions, thereby providing robust talent support for a thriving open-source ecosystem.
- **Northwestern Polytechnical University** researchers **Chen Yaxing** and **Zhang Mingyang** published the article **"On the Synergistic Effects of Open Source and Academic Evaluation"** ([Link](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MhdbAsT_ixRw7kTRzVo3hw)):
This article explores the potential integration of open-source practices into academic evaluation systems, analyzes the challenges of leveraging open source to empower academic evaluation, and proposes strategies to address them. By positioning open source as a **"small breakthrough"** to drive **"large-scale reform"** of academic evaluation, it aims to foster a more scientific and mature academic evaluation framework in China.
- **East China Normal University** scholar **Wang Wei** published the article **"Contribution-Oriented Open Source Talent Evaluation: Principles, Methods, and Services"** ([Link](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/D00hS5n_2-HLssSiDagg6w)):
The study examines a **contribution-driven open-source talent evaluation system**, proposing methods to assess talent through **quantitative and qualitative analysis** of open-source contributions. It emphasizes the importance of building evaluation services tailored to open-source communities, aiming to establish fairer standards for recognizing open-source talent and promoting the healthy development of these communities. The discussion is structured around three pillars: **principles**, **methods**, and **services**.

### 6.5 Teacher Training and Academic Forums/Conferences on Open Source Education

* **The 12th CCF Xiuhu Conference**
Over 20 scholars and experts were invited to engage in in-depth discussions on the theme *"Open Source Education: Mission, Challenges, and Development"*. Based on the symposium outcomes, participants summarized key insights, formed consensus, and issued initiatives to promote **industry-academia-research-application integration** and jointly advance China's open source education.

* **CCD 2024: *"Fundamentals of Open Source Software"* Course**
The China Computer Federation (CCF) established the *"CCF Computer Course Reform Teaching Class"* (CCD) in 2013, inviting experienced educators to share frontline teaching practices and methodologies. CCD 2024 will focus on computer course development and reforms in the era of intelligence and open source. A course titled *"Fundamentals of Open Source Software"*, led by Professor Wang Wei from East China Normal University, will be held in Suzhou from August 6-9.

* **OpenAtom Campus Source Faculty Training Program**
The OpenAtom Campus Source Faculty Training Program successfully held multiple sessions in 2024, focusing on OpenHarmony-related instructor training. Additionally, OpenHarmony ecosystem enterprises actively organized related training activities to expand the pool of qualified OpenHarmony educators.

* **First Digital Economy Open Source Innovation Academic Conference and Open Source Innovation Education Forum for Economics, Management, and Law Universities**
Held under the guidance of the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Informatization, this conference was a key initiative by the Shanghai Open Source Information Technology Association to implement national policies on open source ecosystem development. Experts from institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, Peking University, East China Normal University, Fudan University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Communication University of China, University of Science and Technology Beijing, and Macao Polytechnic University, alongside industry representatives from Huawei, Red Hat, RT-Thread, DaoCloud, PingCAP, Dentons Law Firm, and Junyue Law Firm, engaged in dialogues on open source theoretical frameworks and open source innovation education in economics, management, and law disciplines.

* **2024 CCF ChinaOSC Open Source Education Innovation and Development Forum**
Organized by the Tiangan Kaowu Open Source Foundation under the guidance of the CCF Open Source Development Committee, this forum was successfully held. Themed *"Open Source Education and Industrial Innovation: How to Empower Each Other Bidirectionally?"*, the forum convened experts, entrepreneurs, and educators from institutions such as the LF Open Source Academy, Shanghai Open Source Technology Information Association, Huawei Open Source, OpenSource China, Guoke Open Source Technology, Peking University, National University of Defense Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei University, and Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. Discussions addressed challenges and solutions in open source education, talent cultivation, university course development, and industry-education integration.
Through expert reviews, multiple outstanding papers were selected, including *"Open Source Innovation: Theoretical Connotations, Analytical Frameworks, and Future Prospects"* and *"Open Source's Revision and Theoretical Development of Traditional Economics"*. These papers significantly contributed to open source innovation in theory and practice, providing robust support for advancing China's open source initiatives.
* **2024 OpenAtom Developer Conference and the First Open Source Technology Academic Conference**
On December 20, 2024, the **Academic Report Sub-forum** was officially held during the **2024 OpenAtom Developer Conference and the First Open Source Technology Academic Conference**. Contributors from academia and industry shared insights on **building open-source theories**, **advancing open-source technologies**, and **establishing open-source systems**, aiming to uncover high-quality research and promote the development of open-source technologies and projects.
**Organized jointly by the China Institute of Communications and the OpenAtom Open Source Foundation**, this sub-forum marked the **first academic conference in the field of information and communications dedicated to open source topics**. Scholars from **Central South University**, **Chongqing Jiaotong University**, **Zhejiang University**, **Tongji University**, **Huazhong University of Science and Technology**, **Fudan University**, **Wuhan University**, **Hubei University**, **Central China Normal University**, and **East China Normal University** presented specialized research papers.
The conference received **20 submitted papers**, with **4 long papers and 3 short papers accepted** after rigorous selection. Among these, the paper **"OpenRank Dynamics: Influence Assessment and Dynamic Propagation Models for Open Source Ecosystems"** was awarded the **Best Paper Prize**. Academic presentations covered a wide range of topics, including **ecosystem-level research**, **software vulnerability detection technologies**, and **data-driven analysis of the evolutionary patterns and collaboration models in open-source academic achievements**.